Fertilizer Calculator | GardenMetric

Calculate fertilizer amount based on area and NPK ratios.

The fertilizer calculator turns an application target like "1 lb of nitrogen per 1,000 ft²" into the actual weight of product to spread, using the NPK percentage printed on the bag. Granular fertilizer is never pure nutrient — a 20-5-10 bag is only 20% nitrogen by weight — so spreading the bag weight as if it were nutrient weight under-feeds, while ignoring the percentage entirely over-applies and risks burning turf. Enter your area in square feet, the nutrient target per 1,000 ft², and the first NPK number of your product to get pounds of product needed.

How it works

Two steps. First, nutrient needed (lb) = target rate per 1,000 ft² × area ÷ 1,000. Second, product weight = nutrient needed ÷ (N% ÷ 100). The N percentage is the first number in the NPK code: 20-5-10 means 20% nitrogen, 5% phosphate (P₂O₅), and 10% potash (K₂O) by weight. The same arithmetic works for phosphorus or potassium targets — just substitute the second or third bag number as the percentage.

Spring lawn feed, 5,000 ft²

Target 1 lb N per 1,000 ft² with a 20-5-10 turf fertilizer: nutrient needed is 5 lb of N, and 5 ÷ 0.20 = 25 lb of product. That is half of a typical 50 lb bag across the whole lawn.

Vegetable bed with balanced 10-10-10

A 500 ft² garden plot at 1 lb N per 1,000 ft² needs 0.5 lb of N, which is 5 lb of 10-10-10. Because the product is balanced, the same pass also delivers 0.5 lb each of phosphate and potash.

Light summer dose with urea (46-0-0)

For 2,000 ft² at a reduced 0.5 lb N per 1,000 ft², you need 1 lb of N — only 2.17 lb of urea. High-analysis products like urea need careful, even spreading because so little material carries the full dose.

FAQ

What do the three NPK numbers mean?

Percent by weight of nitrogen (N), phosphate (P₂O₅), and potash (K₂O). A 50 lb bag of 20-5-10 contains 10 lb N, 2.5 lb phosphate, and 5 lb potash; the remaining weight is carrier material.

What is a typical nitrogen rate for lawns?

Around 1 lb of actual N per 1,000 ft² per application is the common turf guideline, with lighter 0.5 lb doses in summer heat. The calculator accepts any rate, so you can follow a soil-test recommendation directly.

Can I use this for phosphorus or potassium targets?

Yes. The math is identical — divide the needed nutrient weight by the bag percentage. For a 1 lb K₂O target with 20-5-10, use the third number: 1 ÷ 0.10 = 10 lb of product per 1,000 ft².

Why did the tool report two different weights?

It returns both the pure nutrient weight your area needs and the product weight to spread. The product figure is always larger because the nutrient is only a fraction of the bag — that is the number to set your spreader by.

Popular Garden Scenarios